Ions in Solution

What two forms can ions take in solutions?

Anions (negative charge) and ca+ions (positive charge)

What are three examples of common ions found in solution?

Table 35.1: Three common ions and their charges.

	Formula	Charge
Ammonium	NH$_{4}^{+}$	+1
Phosphate	PO$_{4}^{3-}$	-3
Sulfate	SO$_{4}^{2-}$	-2

What is hydration?

The process of combining with water. Plaster of Paris is an example of a hydrated reactant. Specifically, water is hydrated to calcium sulfate.

What is the role of hydration in organic chemistry?

The hydronium ca+ion (H$_{3}$O$^{+}$) is an ion of water that is commonly used in the hydration of organic molecules by way of nucleophilic addition.