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General

How are aldehydes named?

Change the alkane suffix from ``-e'' to ``-al,'' see Figure 47.3 below.

**Figure 47.3:** Aldehydes: (a) methanal (formaldehyde), $H_{2}CO$ ; (b) ethanal (acetaldehyde), $CH_{3}CHO$ ; (c) propanal, $CH_{3}CH_{2}CHO$ ; (d) butanal, $CH_{3}CH_{2}CH_{2}CHO$ .
$\includegraphics{img-o-aldehydes_example.eps}$

How are ketones named?

Change the alkane suffix from ``-e'' to ``-one.'' If the ketone is within a chain, then the molecule can be named alkyl alkyl ketone; additionally, if there are two carbonyls within the chain, number them and add the suffix ``-dione''. See Figure 47.4 below.

**Figure 47.4:** Ketones: 2-propanone (Acetone), $CH_{3}COCH_{3}$ (left); ethyl methyl ketone, $CH_{3}COCH_{2}CH_{3}$ (center); 2,4 hexadione, $CH_{3}COCH_{2}COCH_{3}CH_{2}$ (right).
$\includegraphics{img-o-ketones_example.eps}$

Alfa Diallo 2006-08-04